We are experiencing the benefits of digital computing every day. There are definitely some shortcomings in each technology. However, there are challenges that today’s systems will never be able to solve.
We don’t have enough computational power on earth to tackle many problems by the digital computing. Now we will talk about new computing like quantum computing, where digital computing became fail, so guys let we start to discuss digital and quantum computing.
About Quantum Computing
The fifth generation of computers is currently under development of which quantum computing or quantum computers being most popular. Quantum computers are totally different from conventional computers on how they work.
Before going further, we will know about quantum. A quantum is the minimum amount of any physical entity or property involved in an interaction or forces i.e. it is the Latin word for amount and means the smallest possible discrete unit of any physical property, such as energy or matter .
Quantum computing is based on the phenomenon of Quantum Mechanics and the phenomenon where it is possible to be in more than one state at a time. Information storage and manipulation is based on Quantum Bit or “qubit”, which is based on the spin of electron or polarization of a single photon.
The circuit behavior is governed by quantum physics or quantum mechanics. Quantum computing use Qubits and superposition state of both 0 and 1 to represent information. Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) or Quantum Transistors are the basic building blocks of quantum computers.
In quantum computers, data processing is done in Quantum Processing Unit(QPU), which consists of a number of interconnected qubits. A qubit form represents as given below:
Generating and managing qubits is a scientific and engineering challenge. Qubits have some quirky quantum properties that mean a connected group of them can provide way more processing power, which are Superposition, and Entanglement.
Superposition
Qubits can represent numerous possible combinations of 1 and 0 at the same time. This ability to simultaneously be in multiple states is called superposition. To put qubits into superposition, researchers manipulate them using precision lasers or microwave beams.
A quantum computer with several qubits in superposition can crunch through a vast number of potential outcomes simultaneously. The final result of a calculation emerges only once the qubits are measured, which immediately causes their quantum state to “collapse” to either 1 or 0.
Figure 2: Superposition
Entanglement
In this generate pairs of qubits that is known as “entangled”, which means the two members of a pair exist in a single quantum state. Changing the state of one of the qubits will instantaneously change the state of the other one in a predictable way.
This happens even if they are separated by very long distances. It is the key to the power of quantum computers that is adding extra qubits to a quantum machine produces an exponential increase in its number-crunching ability.
Quantum computers harness entangled qubits in a kind of quantum daisy chain to work their magic. The machine’s ability to speed up calculations using specially designed quantum algorithms is why there’s so much buzz about their potential.
Applications area of Quantum computing
It is used in healthcare, finance, marketing, meteorology, and logistics.
